HNB2007 Research and Evidence Based Practice Report 2 Sample

HNB2007 Research and Evidence Based Practice Report 2

Review of qualitative paper:

Chapman, L., Cartwright-Hatton, S., Lester, K. J., “I think it is woven through me, and sadly that means it is woven through our family life”: the experiences and support needs of mothers with eating disorders (2023). Journal of Eating Disorders, 11(1) 147.

[1] Use the following headings:

1. Screening:

The purpose of the screening questions is to consider if the paper is worth reading. You need to answer questions 1 and 2 of the CASP tool here. There is no need for references in this short section.

2. The research problem and its significance:

The task here is to describe the research problem (the reason the researcher is interested in the study) and its significance (why it is important).

3. The research design;

The task here is to identify the research approach, which refers to how the study was conducted. What was done? To whom? For what reason? Is the study qualitative or quantitative? What type of study (e.g Phenomenology; ethnography, descriptive study)? Describe the study characteristics (e.g sample size; inclusion criteria, who was excluded, why?).

You also need to discuss the appropriateness of the design for the study. For example, in qualitative studies- subjective, experience, understanding. You need to answer questions 3-5,7 of the CASP tool here. Make sure you have included- recruitment, ethics, data collection.

4. Question 6- specific concept- Reflexivity

• Was reflexivity considered? Why is it important? You need to answer question 6 of the CASP tool here.

5. Data analysis:

In this section, the analysis of the study recordings/ transcripts needs to be described and evaluated, using question 8 of the CASP guide. This means providing a step by step overview of the analysis.

6. The findings/results of the study need to be discussed, taking into consideration the clarity of the findings, what they mean and the value of the study. You need to answer questions 9-10 of the CASP tool here. Comparison with other research evidence (journal articles) is important.

7. Relevance to contemporary nursing policy and practice; Finally, you are required to discuss the relevance of the study to contemporary nursing policy and practice; is this a problem in Australia? In the local area (Western Suburbs of Melbourne). This includes the impact the findings may have for nurses. Students must present some literature here to support/refute findings and contextualise to Australian patient needs and nursing/midwifery practice.

A minimum of 5 primary references from contemporary journals (<10 years ) must be included, using APA7 referencing. No direct quotes permitted.

Solution

1. Screening

The review of the journal article will be done in accordance with CASP guidelines. This critique will systematically scrutinize the studies design, methodology, results and relevance in order to inform about positive aspects along with limitations of study findings. This section of the paper is to determine whether (based on CASP criteria related to population, intervention and outcome) this article can actually be read.

• Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research?

The discussion of the impact of maternal mental health conditions on family dynamics is important, as mothers spend a critical amount of time with children and are usually perceived to be primary caregivers (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). The study is significant because it attempts to fill an important knowledge gap surrounding the experiences of the mothers in managing their mental health at home when they also have children.

• Is a qualitative methodology appropriate?

Qualitative methodology is indeed an appropriate one with the scope of this study for MBA Assignment Help (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). Considering that the research explores subjective experiences, qualitative methodology has allowed delving into emotions, relationships and personal narratives. The principles of qualitative research especially suitable to the investigation of social phenomena, makes this approach especially suitable for this study since the focus of this study is on subjective experiences, feelings and perceptions (Ayre & McCaffery, 2022.p2). Whereas quantitative approaches involve the more recurring, exact type of data and generalization, qualitative approaches involve richness, mess, and context. This is especially important in research on socio-sensitive issues such as mental health and motherhood because lived experiences are largely intersectional.

A major advantage for the purpose of this study lies in the fact that qualitative data is more suitable to establish exploratory links between the subject under consideration (Ramalho et al. 2021.p. 623136). It is essential to state that Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder have extensive psychological implications (Puttevils et al. 2021.p.152262). The feelings of guilt, shame, anxiety and isolation which many of these women can experience when struggling with eating disorders may not easily be expressed in numbers. Qualitative research enables the participants to articulate these rather challenging feelings and experiences on their own, and it provides detailed descriptions of their social experiences (Moss et al. 2020.p.385).

In this study, the researchers has employed open-ended questions with the participants to create an interview that is more of a discussion that lets the participants tell their own story in their own terms (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). This approach develops an opportunity for the participants to open up on how they feel, prove their ability to parent the children, and explore how their eating disorders impact the parenting and the family. The emergence of the qualitative method is crucial to consider not only what mothers feel, but how they interpret it being in the position of caregivers.

Referring to this particular case, Qualitative research is appropriate because the study requires a consideration of the context (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). When mothers have eating disorders different factors affect them including the family, friends, and societal culture on the aspect of motherhood. The identified contextual factors are something that a qualitative approach let the researchers investigate in depth, and give a better understanding of the conditions that these mothers face in their daily lives. For instance, some of the mothers may feel compelled to provide for their children as “perfect” care givers. As these experiences are unique and influenced by external factors, the authors decided that the use of a qualitative approach would be most appropriate.

Last but not least; the use of qualitative research is especially useful when the development of themes or patterns from participants’ views is aimed at (Warner et al. 2022.p. 102117). In this study, a thematic analysis can be used to analyze about repeated problems, for example, typical emotional concerns, nature of support that requires from the mothers, and effects of eating disorder on children and family. These themes can be useful for practicing health care providers and health care policymakers focusing on enhancing women’s recovery and parenting with a history of eating disorders.

2. The Research Problem and Its Significance

• Research Problem

This study focuses on the experience and how mothers with a history of “eating disorder” manage their eating habit to ensure that they meet these demands without harming themselves (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). This article studies a less overt topic, as mothers are also caregivers. They worship upholds their sacrifice on their health.

• Significance

The importance of this study lies in the fact that it addresses an urgent need to contribute towards understanding maternal mental health. The study shows that maternal health conditions lead to far reaching effects in family systems (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). The study holds implications for both mental health services and family-focused interventions by characterizing the needs of this population.

3. The Research Design

• Research Approach

This study involved thematic analysis of interviews with mothers as part of a larger qualitative study on the impact of parenting stress and eating disorder. The method is particularly well suited for getting into the depths and complexities. Compared to the exploratory approach, thematic analysis can make it easier for a researcher working on a large dataset to be able see patterns (Alyavina et al. 2020.p.365).

• Study Characteristics

This was likely a small-scale or sample size (typical for qualitative research that is depth rather than breadth-oriented), Participants were first-generation interior States participants, who had experience as a mother diagnosed with an eating disorder.

• Recruitment

The recruitment should have focused on participants who could provide rich data related to their lived experiences.

• Ethics

Research has important ethical considerations when recruiting this type of population that is mothers with mental health issues (Jowsey et al. 2021.p.475). The study being reviewed would have to describe through what informed consent (if any) was obtained and how the confidentiality of their subjects was ensured.

• Data Collection

This could include data collection, potentially using semi-structured interviews that allow particular individuals to provide a rich account about an experience in a way they can trust. Semi-structured interviews are well suited for qualitative research (Adeoye‐Olatunde & Olenik, 2021.p.1360). The open-ended format is useful in exposing unanticipated insights.

4. Question 6—Specific Concept: Reflexivity

• Was Reflexivity Considered?

Reflexivity is an important concept in qualitative field. This process is beneficial as it adds credibility to the qualitative research process due to the revelation of how data is transformed into information (Braun & Clarke, 2021.p.338). Based on the evaluation of the literary content of the selected article, it is crucial to determine whether researchers were enough attentive to reflexivity. This research has provided information about the mothers’ personal experiences in having relatives with eating disorders (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). In this context, it is significant to state that the role played by the researchers in arranging interviews, questioning the participants or indeed interpreting their responses can greatly influence the results. Such topics may include detailed accounts of women’s emotions, as well as their traumatic pasts, which is why it is even more significant for the researchers to contemplate how their communication with any of the participants might be impacted by their personal bias.

The researchers might have pressure participants into reporting some aspects of their experiences or, they might have looked at the data through the lens of their own preset filters, which generated bias. In order to minimize such risks, a researcher has to implement reflexive practices throughout the research process. Reflexivity is capable to affect the process of recruitment and participants’ invitation (Kua et al. 2022.p.1350). Perhaps, the women with eating disorders may have felt pressure to relate their experiences in a particular manner. The researchers must have thought deeply in such dynamics so that they could reduce the effects of such power dynamics or bias to the collected data.

Reflexivity is critical in the effort to make qualitative research both credible and also very transparent (Cody et al. 2022.p.100464). Therefore, it is significant for the study (i.e. the selected article) to recognize the researcher “imprint” on the data, analysis, and interpretation.

5. Data Analysis

• Analysis Process

Thematic analysis includes identification and extraction of themes from the data (Tan et al. 2020.p.620). In other words, data is thoroughly studied, coded for main ideas and then refined or grouped those into larger contextual themes. In this study the researchers would have begun by taping the interviews which was focused on the life experiences of mothers with eating disorders (Chapman et al. 2023.p.147). Re-reading of the transcripts can be done several times and of course, it helps the researchers understand the participants’ experience. This first step is very important because the result of the analysis is dependent on the data collected.

Coding is classification of data segments in relation to the research questions or in analyzing glimpses of the participants’ endearing experiences. Each code in the process signifies a meaning or structure of the information being analyzed in relation to the interest of the research. When the data is coded, the researchers would have grouped similar codes together so as to form what may be referred to as pre-established themes.

• Rigor

In terms of the data analysis, reliability can be improved by having more than one researcher “code” the data separately and then compare notes. This analytical rigour is also evident by the inclusion of conflicting information and as such reflection on these divergences.

6. Findings/Results

• Clarity of Findings

It is expected that findings will be precise and themes emerging from data must be prominent. Understanding the emotional aspect such as parenting along with an eating disorder, mother’s shame and guilt experiences or when support systems developed. The themes must be directly connected to the data.

• Value of the Study

The importance of this study lies in its contribution to the understanding of the impact on family life especially how it affects maternal behaviour and complicates mother-child relations. This is a key area of investigation, thus the results can provide guidance for service development to support mothers.

7. Relevance to Contemporary Nursing Policy and Practice

• Relevance to Nursing Policy

This is a very useful study, particularly to nurses working in mental health nursing and providing care within the maternity or family support setting. Nurses must recognize and understand the multifaceted life experiences of mothers who have eating disorders to provide comprehensive, family-centered care for these families (Negarandeh et al. 2021.p.10). The results must inform developments in mental health care policy.

• Australian Context

In the Western Suburbs of Melbourne, mothers have unmet need for mental health supports especially those with eating disorders. The findings might be employed to make a stronger case for more holistic care. Mental health support must be provided to an individual and the entire family. The study can also be helpful for educational programs on nursing and midwifery, highlighting the need to identify how an eating disorder affects not only an individual family member but also the entire family.

• Supporting Literature

The findings are aligned with the existing research on the difficulties faced by mothers with “eating disorders”. The same has highlighted significant impacts on both their overall mental health and family relationships. In Australia, studies have shown that maternal “mental health issues” including “eating disorders” can deeply affect family dynamics. The same leads to a need for well-structured support.

Reference list

Adeoye‐Olatunde, O. A., & Olenik, N. L. (2021). Research and scholarly methods: Semi‐structured interviews. Journal of the american college of clinical pharmacy, 4(10), 1358-1367. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.1441[Retrieved on 10 October 2024]

Alyavina, E., Nikitas, A., & Njoya, E. T. (2020). Mobility as a service and sustainable travel behaviour: A thematic analysis study. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour, 73, 362-381.Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.07.004 [Retrieved on 10 October 2024]

Ayre, J., & McCaffery, K. J. (2022). Research Note: Thematic analysis in qualitative research. J Physiother. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2021.11.002 [Retrieved on 12 October 2024]

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis?. Qualitative research in psychology, 18(3), 328-352. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2020.1769238 [Retrieved on 11 October 2024]

Chapman, L., Cartwright-Hatton, S., & Lester, K. J. (2023). “I think it is woven through me, and sadly that means it is woven through our family life”: the experiences and support needs of mothers with eating disorders. Journal of Eating Disorders, 11(1), 147. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-023-00868-y [Retrieved on 11 October 2024]

Cody, R., Christensen, M., Kreppke, J. N., Faude, O., Gerber, M., & Nicca, D. (2022). The experience of a physical activity counseling intervention among people with major depression within the PACINPAT trial–A reflexive thematic analysis. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 23, 100464. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2022.100464 [Retrieved on 12 October 2024]

Jowsey, T., Deng, C., & Weller, J. (2021). General-purpose thematic analysis: a useful qualitative method for anaesthesia research. BJA education, 21(12), 472-478. Retrieved from: doi: 10.1016/j.bjae.2021.07.006 [Retrieved on 11 October 2024]

Kua, J., Teo, W., & Lim, W. S. (2022). Learning experiences of adaptive experts: a reflexive thematic analysis. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 27(5), 1345-1359. Retrieved from: : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10166-y [Retrieved on 12 October 2024]

Moss, J., Whalley, P. A., & Elsmore, I. (2020). Phenomenological psychology & descriptive experience sampling: a new approach to exploring music festival experience. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 12(3), 382-400. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2019.1702627 [Retrieved on 11 October 2024]

Negarandeh, R., Hassankhani, H., Jabraeili, M., Abbaszadeh, M., & Best, A. (2021). Health care staff support for mothers in NICU: a focused ethnography study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21, 1-12. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03991-3 [Retrieved on 10 October 2024]

Puttevils, L., Vanderhasselt, M. A., Horczak, P., & Vervaet, M. (2021). Differences in the use of emotion regulation strategies between anorexia and bulimia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Comprehensive psychiatry, 109, 152262. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152262 [Retrieved on 12 October 2024]

Ramalho, J. D. A. M., El Husseini, M., Bloc, L., Bucher-Maluschke, J. S. N. F., Moro, M. R., & Lachal, J. (2021). The role of food in the family relationships of adolescents with anorexia nervosa and bulimia in northeastern Brazil: a qualitative study using photo elicitation. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12, 623136. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.623136 [Retrieved on 11 October 2024]

Tan, M. L., Prasanna, R., Stock, K., Doyle, E. E., Leonard, G., & Johnston, D. (2020). Modified usability framework for disaster apps: a qualitative thematic analysis of user reviews. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 11, 615-629. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-020-00282-x [Retrieved on 11 October 2024]

Warner, N. Z., Gleeson, C., Fahey, P., Horgan, R., & Groarke, A. (2022). Experiences of living with Lynch syndrome: a reflexive thematic analysis. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 58, 102117. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2022.102117 [Retrieved on 12 October 2024]